Денис Гаврилов - Блаженный Августин Аврелий - О Граде Божьем. часть 2
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Augustine’s father, a Roman citizen, was a petty landowner, and his mother - Monica - a pious Christian. In his youth, Augustine did not find a tendency to traditional Greek, but was conquered by Latin literature. At the end of the school in Tagast, he went to study at the nearest cultural center - Madavra. In the fall of 370, thanks to the patronage of the family of the family - Romanian who lived in Tagast, Augustine went to three -year -old rhetoric training in Carthage. In 372, Augustine had an adeodate son in a competitate. A year later, he read Cicero and carried away with philosophy, turning to reading the Bible. However, soon Augustine moved to the then fashionable Manichaeism. At that time, he began to teach rhetoric first in Tagast, later in Carthage. B “Confession” Augustine dwell on nine years, wasted by him on the “husk” of the Manichaean teaching. In 383, even the spiritual Manichaeian leader Favst failed to answer his questions. This year, Augustine decided to find a teacher’s position in Rome, but there he spent only a year and received the post of teacher of rhetoric in Mediolans. After reading some tracts of the dam in the Latin translation of Rhetor, Maria Victorina, Augustine met neoplatonism, representing God as an intangible transcendental being. Having visited the sermons of Ambrosius of Mediolansky, Augustine understood the rational conviction of early Christianity. After that, he began to read the messages of the Apostle Paul and heard from the vicar bishop Simplitan the story of converting to Christianity Maria Victorin. According to legend, once in the garden Augustine heard the voice of a child, prompting him at random to expand the epistols of the apostle Paul, where he came across a message to the Romans. After that, he, along with Monica, Adeodate, brother, both cousins, friend Alipia and two students, retired for several months in Kassitik, on the villa of one of his friends. On the model of the Ciceron "Tusculan conversations", Augustine composed several philosophical dialogs. At Easter 387, he, along with Adeodate and Alipius, was baptized in Mediolans, after which he went to Africa with Monika. However, Monica died in Ostia. Her last conversation with her son was well conveyed at the end of Confession. After that, part of the information about the future life of Augustine is based on the compiled by the obsessions, who spoke with Augustine for almost 40 years, “Life”.
According to the Office, upon returning to Africa, Augustine again settled in Tagast, where he organized a monastic community. During a trip to the Region Hippon, where there were already 6 Christian churches, the Greek Bishop Valery eagerly ordained Augustine to the presbyters as it was difficult for him to preach in Latin. No later than 395, Valery appointed him a vicar bishop and died a year later.